= A (A14) if 1,190 kg < M ≤ 2,850 kg, T = B x (M - C) + D (A15) if M > 2,850 kg, T = E (A16). The parameters to be used to calculate the targets for the different vehicle types are reported in Table A4; the values for gasoline vehicles are also applicable to electric vehicles and vehicles powered by gas and alcohol based fuels. Table A4: Parameters for the calculation of the fuel consumption targets of vehicle type for LCVs [30] Vehic...

Regulations  Updated at: 2025/01/23

e Emissions) 2018 - 2019 60 2020 - 2021 80 2022 onwards 100 Refuelling emissions Refuelling emissions requirements are defined in Section 1978 of Title 13 of the CCR [10] and apply to all light duty and medium duty vehicles, including hybrid vehicles, from MY 2015. They apply to vehicles powered by all fuels, with the exception of vehicles powered by natural gas. Refuelling emissions limits are as follows: for gasoline, diesel and hyb...

Regulations  Updated at: 2024/12/13

st cycle: at low, medium, high and extra-high speed. The text in the relevant annexes is replaced with references to UN Regulation 154. Updates to Type 5 test (durability) and OBD requirements are introduced to reflect changes from the NEDC to the WLTP test cycles. Amendments to utility factors for plug-in electric vehicles are introduced, to ensure that CO2 emissions determined at type approval, over the WLTP test, are representative of real dri...

Regulations  Updated at: 2024/12/13

egulation introduces limits for particles emitted by tyres and brakes of vehicles. These new limits are established as it is expected that by 2050, non-exhaust emissions will constitute up to 90% of all particles emitted by road transport. Minimum performance requirements for battery durability for plug-in hybrid and electric light duty vehicles are also introduced through this regulation. The requirement to install an on-board monitoring (OBM) s...

Regulations  Updated at: 2024/12/13

is, changing the GHG emissions reduction rate from 4.7% yearly, over four years, to 3.7% yearly, over five years. Extending the applicability of advanced technology multipliers (that were originally due to expire after MY 2021) for Battery Electric and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (BEV/FCEV) and for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV), with different, decreasing values, through to MY 2026. Removing the requirement to account for upstream emiss...

Regulations  Updated at: 2024/12/13

individual vehicles, for the passenger cars and light duty trucks fleets separately.  Given multipliers can be used for selected model years for some types of vehicles, in the calculation of the fleet average CO2 emissions. The updated standards remove all multipliers for electric, fuel cell, plug-in hybrid and gas vehicles for the model years after 2024 [34] , the up to date multipliers starting from model year 2021 are reported in the f...

Regulations  Updated at: 2024/12/13