美国市场的发动机构成:呈现小型化趋势
乘用车4缸发动机占3分之2、轻卡6缸发动机占5成
2012/09/24
概 要
报告前半部分着重介绍“北美(美国/加拿大/墨西哥)生产的美国量产车”,后半部分着重介绍“包括进口车在内的全部美国量产车”。
北美生产车・美国量产车的发动机汽缸数构成(MY1997-2012)
北美生产车 合计 |
![]() |
・MY(车型年份) 2012北美生产车(乘用车/轻卡合计)的发动机汽缸数构成比例为:4缸39.6%、6缸39.5%。10年前4缸发动机所占比例约为25%、6缸发动机约为45%,基本与MY2009处于同一水平。 ・4缸发动机在乘用车/轻卡中的搭载比例均呈现上升趋势。 ・MY2009以后,6缸发动机所占比例略微回升,原因在于6缸发动机在轻卡中的搭载比例增加。 ・8缸发动机由于在轻卡中的搭载比例降低,所占比例减少至17.4%。 |
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乘用车 | ![]() |
・乘用车发动机汽缸数方面,到MY2007的近10年内,4缸发动机所占比例持续约为50%、6缸发动机约为40%。 ・MY2008以后,4缸发动机所占比例增加,6缸发动机所占比例减少。 ・MY2012,4缸发动机所占比例为66.8%、6缸发动机所占比例为22.9%。 ・主要原因为三大美国公司生产的车型,增加了4缸发动机的搭载。 |
轻卡 | ![]() |
・轻卡的发动机汽缸数方面,到MY2008左右,6缸和8缸所占比例均超过40%,几乎囊括搭载于轻卡的全部发动机。 ・之后,出现4、6缸发动机比例增加和8缸发动机比例减少的情况,6缸发动机的所占比例到MY2012上升至53.2%。8缸发动机的比例降至29.0%,与4缸发动机(占17.3%)之间的差距快速缩小。 ・三大美国公司车型中搭载的发动机呈现显著的小型化趋势。 |
资料:根据WARD'S Automotive Yearbook 各年版制作(以下相同)。 | |
(注)1. |
MY2012为暂定值。
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2. |
北美生产车以下列14家公司在北美(美国、加拿大、墨西哥)生产、美国销售的车型为对象。
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3. | 在北美生产的厂家有:GM/Ford/Chrysler 三大美国公司、丰田/日产/本田/三菱/马自达/富士重工/铃木7家日本公司、VW、BMW、Daimler、现代汽车集团4家欧洲/韩国公司,共计14家。 |
(1)北美生产车的发动机构成 MY2009-2012:乘用车中4缸发动机占3分之2
在北美生产、美国销售的MY2012车型的发动机构成(乘用车、轻卡合计),由于皮卡及SUV等轻卡的销售比例增加,6缸发动机的所占比例连续3年增加,达39.5%(MY2009为34.3%)。另外,4缸发动机由于在乘用车和轻卡中的搭载增加,MY2012整体所占比例达39.6%,略高于6缸发动机。
6缸发动机中,4L级发动机的整体所占比例从MY2009到MY2012,由4.5%减少至1.1%,3L级比例由28.6%增加至37.2%,小型化继续推进。
乘用车发动机构成方面,4缸发动机MY2012所占比例为66.8%。纵观其4缸发动机排量构成比,近年持续增加的不满2L级较上一年度减少2.9%为18.2%,2L级则由上一年度的42.8%增加至48.6%。主要原因为三大美国公司搭载4缸2L级发动机的车型:Chevorlet Malibu、Ford Focus、Chrysler 200的中型三厢车销量增加。
轻卡方面,6缸发动机MY2012比例过半,为53.2%。而MY2009占40.1%的8缸发动机的所占比例则减少至29.0%。另外,MY2009到MY2012期间轻卡整体的排量构成比,2L级由15.3%增加为17.3%、3L级由35.6%增加为49.4%,而4L级由18.2%减少为6.3%、5L级由30.9%减少为27.1%。
另外,从北美生产车合计来看,涡轮增压发动机的所占比例,从MY2009到MY20012期间,由5.3%倍增至11.3%,而混合动力车的所占比例仅为1%。
含有乙醇燃料(最多85%)的发动机,其构成比(北美生产车合计)MY2011升至14.0%后,MY2012又减少至10.6%。轻卡MY2012上升至18.5%,而乘用车则由MY2011的8.0%骤减至1.0%。
三大美国公司北美生产车合计的发动机构成,呈现显著的小型化趋势。MY2011至MY2012,8缸发动机的构成比由35.8%大幅减少至25.9%,但6缸发动机、4缸发动机的比例则分别由40.8%、22.9%增加至43.1%和30.4%。
乘用车方面,MY2011以后Chrysler的菲亚特 500(搭载4缸1.4L发动机)、Ford的嘉年华(搭载4缸1.6L发动机)、GM的Chevrolet Cruze/Sonic(搭载4缸1.4L涡轮增压发动机/4缸1.8L发动机)等车型相继发售,受此影响,4缸以下2L级发动机的比例由MY2010的0.7%快速增加至MY2012的19.0%。
北美生产/美国量产车的发动机构成(MY2009-12) |
(辆) |
汽缸数 | 排量 | 数量 | 构成比例 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MY2009 | MY2010 | MY2011 | MY2012 | MY2009 | MY2010 | MY2011 | MY2012 | |||
北 美 生 产 车 合 计 | 4 缸 | -1.9L | 566,576 | 865,583 | 967,898 | 773,067 | 7.1% | 8.8% | 8.4% | 8.2% |
2.0L-2.9L | 2,572,076 | 3,026,922 | 3,123,983 | 2,961,885 | 32.4% | 30.7% | 27.1% | 31.4% | ||
小计 | 3,138,652 | 3,892,505 | 4,091,881 | 3,734,952 | 39.5% | 39.4% | 35.5% | 39.6% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 220,945 | 221,277 | 316,318 | 300,665 | 2.8% | 2.2% | 2.7% | 3.2% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 35,872 | 41,084 | 26,794 | 25,609 | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.2% | 0.3% | ||
小计 | 256,817 | 262,361 | 343,112 | 326,274 | 3.2% | 2.7% | 3.0% | 3.5% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 59,729 | 32,109 | 1,000 | 0 | 0.8% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 2,275,075 | 3,183,802 | 4,109,085 | 3,511,510 | 28.6% | 32.2% | 35.6% | 37.2% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 355,027 | 401,497 | 264,059 | 107,377 | 4.5% | 4.1% | 2.3% | 1.1% | ||
5.0L- | 31,378 | 41,720 | 64,793 | 114,244 | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.6% | 1.2% | ||
小计 | 2,721,209 | 3,659,128 | 4,438,937 | 3,733,131 | 34.3% | 37.1% | 38.5% | 39.5% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 541,107 | 689,085 | 435,674 | 218,120 | 6.8% | 7.0% | 3.8% | 2.3% | |
5.0L- | 1,273,905 | 1,358,705 | 2,218,747 | 1,423,858 | 16.0% | 13.8% | 19.2% | 15.1% | ||
小计 | 1,815,012 | 2,047,790 | 2,654,421 | 1,641,978 | 22.8% | 20.7% | 23.0% | 17.4% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 11,639 | 12,328 | 6,938 | 3,470 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 11,639 | 12,328 | 6,938 | 3,470 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 566,576 | 865,583 | 967,898 | 773,067 | 7.1% | 8.8% | 8.4% | 8.2% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 2,852,750 | 3,280,308 | 3,441,301 | 3,262,550 | 35.9% | 33.2% | 29.8% | 34.6% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 2,310,947 | 3,224,886 | 4,135,879 | 3,537,119 | 29.1% | 32.7% | 35.9% | 37.5% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 896,134 | 1,090,582 | 699,733 | 325,497 | 11.3% | 11.0% | 6.1% | 3.4% | ||
5.0L- | 1,316,922 | 1,412,753 | 2,290,478 | 1,541,572 | 16.6% | 14.3% | 19.9% | 16.3% | ||
合计 | 7,943,329 | 9,874,112 | 11,535,289 | 9,439,805 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 423,614 | 408,386 | 1,232,341 | 1,067,547 | 5.3% | 4.1% | 10.7% | 11.3% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 792,704 | 1,104,818 | 1,613,449 | 1,003,415 | 10.0% | 11.2% | 14.0% | 10.6% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 373,627 | 302,871 | 508,919 | 409,241 | 4.7% | 3.1% | 4.4% | 4.3% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 98,118 | 117,121 | 97,147 | 96,738 | 1.2% | 1.2% | 0.8% | 1.0% | ||
乘 用 车 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 566,576 | 865,583 | 967,898 | 773,067 | 14.6% | 18.9% | 21.1% | 18.2% |
2.0L-2.9L | 1,972,242 | 2,087,362 | 1,964,665 | 2,066,122 | 50.7% | 45.6% | 42.8% | 48.6% | ||
小计 | 2,538,818 | 2,952,945 | 2,932,563 | 2,839,189 | 65.3% | 64.5% | 64.0% | 66.8% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 220,945 | 221,277 | 316,318 | 300,665 | 5.7% | 4.8% | 6.9% | 7.1% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 220,945 | 221,277 | 316,318 | 300,665 | 5.7% | 4.8% | 6.9% | 7.1% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 38,592 | 29,961 | 0 | 0 | 1.0% | 0.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 867,330 | 1,083,921 | 1,083,845 | 971,491 | 22.3% | 23.7% | 23.6% | 22.9% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 32,330 | 32,640 | 0 | 0 | 0.8% | 0.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 938,252 | 1,146,522 | 1,083,845 | 971,491 | 24.1% | 25.0% | 23.6% | 22.9% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 127,075 | 132,011 | 113,582 | 0 | 3.3% | 2.9% | 2.5% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 64,248 | 128,122 | 139,240 | 137,167 | 1.7% | 2.8% | 3.0% | 3.2% | ||
小计 | 191,323 | 260,133 | 252,822 | 137,167 | 4.9% | 5.7% | 5.5% | 3.2% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 575 | 374 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 575 | 374 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 566,576 | 865,583 | 967,898 | 773,067 | 14.6% | 18.9% | 21.1% | 18.2% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 2,231,779 | 2,338,600 | 2,280,983 | 2,366,787 | 57.4% | 51.0% | 49.7% | 55.7% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 867,330 | 1,083,921 | 1,083,845 | 971,491 | 22.3% | 23.7% | 23.6% | 22.9% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 159,405 | 164,651 | 113,582 | 0 | 4.1% | 3.6% | 2.5% | 0.0% | ||
5.0L- | 64,823 | 128,496 | 139,240 | 137,167 | 1.7% | 2.8% | 3.0% | 3.2% | ||
合计 | 3,889,913 | 4,581,251 | 4,585,548 | 4,248,512 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 185,277 | 173,011 | 351,779 | 362,657 | 4.8% | 3.8% | 7.7% | 8.5% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 269,378 | 289,922 | 368,239 | 42,806 | 6.9% | 6.3% | 8.0% | 1.0% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 152,293 | 125,642 | 71,990 | 99,467 | 3.9% | 2.7% | 1.6% | 2.3% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 44,867 | 61,423 | 49,022 | 58,064 | 1.2% | 1.3% | 1.1% | 1.4% | ||
轻卡 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
2.0L-2.9L | 599,834 | 939,560 | 1,159,318 | 895,763 | 14.8% | 17.8% | 16.7% | 17.3% | ||
小计 | 599,834 | 939,560 | 1,159,318 | 895,763 | 14.8% | 17.8% | 16.7% | 17.3% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 35,872 | 41,084 | 26,794 | 25,609 | 0.9% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.5% | ||
小计 | 35,872 | 41,084 | 26,794 | 25,609 | 0.9% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.5% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 21,137 | 2,148 | 1,000 | 0 | 0.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 1,407,745 | 2,099,883 | 3,025,240 | 2,540,019 | 34.7% | 39.7% | 43.5% | 48.9% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 322,697 | 368,857 | 264,059 | 107,377 | 8.0% | 7.0% | 3.8% | 2.1% | ||
5.0L- | 31,378 | 41,720 | 64,793 | 114,244 | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.9% | 2.2% | ||
小计 | 1,782,957 | 2,512,608 | 3,355,092 | 2,761,640 | 44.0% | 47.5% | 48.3% | 53.2% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 414,032 | 557,074 | 322,092 | 218,120 | 10.2% | 10.5% | 4.6% | 4.2% | |
5.0L- | 1,209,657 | 1,230,581 | 2,079,507 | 1,286,691 | 29.8% | 23.2% | 29.9% | 24.8% | ||
小计 | 1,623,689 | 1,787,655 | 2,401,599 | 1,504,811 | 40.1% | 33.8% | 34.6% | 29.0% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 11,064 | 11,954 | 6,938 | 3,470 | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | ||
小计 | 11,064 | 11,954 | 6,938 | 3,470 | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 620,971 | 941,708 | 1,160,318 | 895,763 | 15.3% | 17.8% | 16.7% | 17.3% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 1,443,617 | 2,140,967 | 3,052,034 | 2,565,628 | 35.6% | 40.5% | 43.9% | 49.4% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 736,729 | 925,931 | 586,151 | 325,497 | 18.2% | 17.5% | 8.4% | 6.3% | ||
5.0L- | 1,252,099 | 1,284,255 | 2,151,238 | 1,404,405 | 30.9% | 24.3% | 31.0% | 27.1% | ||
合计 | 4,053,416 | 5,292,861 | 6,949,741 | 5,191,293 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 238,337 | 235,375 | 880,562 | 704,890 | 5.9% | 4.4% | 12.7% | 13.6% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 523,326 | 814,896 | 1,245,210 | 960,609 | 12.9% | 15.4% | 17.9% | 18.5% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 221,334 | 177,229 | 436,929 | 309,774 | 5.5% | 3.3% | 6.3% | 6.0% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 53,251 | 55,698 | 48,125 | 38,674 | 1.3% | 1.1% | 0.7% | 0.7% |
|
北美生产车占MY2011车型销量(北美生产车+进口车)1,421万辆中的81.2%%(1,154万辆)。 |
(2)北美生产车的发动机构成 MY2009-2012:乘用车中4缸发动机占3分之2
(参考)三大美国公司北美生产/美国量产车的发动机构成 |
(辆) |
汽缸数 | 排量 | 数量 | 构成比例 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MY2009 | MY2010 | MY2011 | MY2012 | MY2009 | MY2010 | MY2011 | MY2012 | |||
北 美 生 产 车 合 计 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 21,973 | 11,598 | 360,798 | 411,295 | 0.5% | 0.2% | 5.4% | 7.3% |
2.0L-2.9L | 1,135,698 | 1,183,725 | 1,180,813 | 1,308,146 | 24.6% | 22.4% | 17.5% | 23.2% | ||
小计 | 1,157,671 | 1,195,323 | 1,541,611 | 1,719,441 | 25.1% | 22.7% | 22.9% | 30.4% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 35,872 | 41,084 | 26,794 | 25,609 | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.5% | ||
小计 | 35,872 | 41,084 | 26,794 | 25,609 | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.5% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 38,592 | 32,109 | 1,000 | 0 | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 1,402,696 | 1,915,867 | 2,543,779 | 2,289,531 | 30.4% | 36.3% | 37.8% | 40.5% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 269,107 | 235,145 | 140,739 | 32,379 | 5.8% | 4.5% | 2.1% | 0.6% | ||
5.0L- | 31,378 | 41,720 | 64,793 | 114,244 | 0.7% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 2.0% | ||
小计 | 1,741,773 | 2,224,841 | 2,750,311 | 2,436,154 | 37.8% | 42.2% | 40.8% | 43.1% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 489,899 | 609,810 | 342,684 | 136,802 | 10.6% | 11.6% | 5.1% | 2.4% | |
5.0L- | 1,175,611 | 1,189,559 | 2,067,851 | 1,326,918 | 25.5% | 22.6% | 30.7% | 23.5% | ||
小计 | 1,665,510 | 1,799,369 | 2,410,535 | 1,463,720 | 36.1% | 34.1% | 35.8% | 25.9% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 11,639 | 12,328 | 6,938 | 3,470 | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | ||
小计 | 11,639 | 12,328 | 6,938 | 3,470 | 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 21,973 | 11,598 | 360,798 | 411,295 | 0.5% | 0.2% | 5.4% | 7.3% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 1,174,290 | 1,215,834 | 1,181,813 | 1,308,146 | 25.5% | 23.1% | 17.5% | 23.2% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 1,438,568 | 1,956,951 | 2,570,573 | 2,315,140 | 31.2% | 37.1% | 38.2% | 41.0% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 759,006 | 844,955 | 483,423 | 169,181 | 16.5% | 16.0% | 7.2% | 3.0% | ||
5.0L- | 1,218,628 | 1,243,607 | 2,139,582 | 1,444,632 | 26.4% | 23.6% | 31.8% | 25.6% | ||
合计 | 4,612,465 | 5,272,945 | 6,736,189 | 5,648,394 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 221,525 | 190,627 | 782,776 | 616,667 | 4.8% | 3.6% | 11.6% | 10.9% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 776,185 | 1,069,203 | 1,598,865 | 999,745 | 16.8% | 20.3% | 23.7% | 17.7% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 211,723 | 163,087 | 427,563 | 294,583 | 4.6% | 3.1% | 6.3% | 5.2% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 57,889 | 78,958 | 76,740 | 91,738 | 1.3% | 1.5% | 1.1% | 1.6% | ||
乘 用 车 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 21,973 | 11,598 | 360,798 | 411,295 | 1.3% | 0.7% | 18.0% | 19.0% |
2.0L-2.9L | 804,224 | 702,692 | 550,839 | 839,767 | 47.5% | 39.4% | 27.5% | 38.9% | ||
小计 | 826,197 | 714,290 | 911,637 | 1,251,062 | 48.8% | 40.1% | 45.6% | 57.9% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 38,592 | 29,961 | 0 | 0 | 2.3% | 1.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 602,979 | 745,405 | 836,870 | 773,174 | 35.6% | 41.8% | 41.8% | 35.8% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 32,330 | 32,640 | 0 | 0 | 1.9% | 1.8% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 673,901 | 808,006 | 836,870 | 773,174 | 39.8% | 45.3% | 41.8% | 35.8% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 127,075 | 132,011 | 113,582 | 0 | 7.5% | 7.4% | 5.7% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 64,248 | 128,122 | 139,240 | 137,167 | 3.8% | 7.2% | 7.0% | 6.3% | ||
小计 | 191,323 | 260,133 | 252,822 | 137,167 | 11.3% | 14.6% | 12.6% | 6.3% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 575 | 374 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 575 | 374 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 21,973 | 11,598 | 360,798 | 411,295 | 1.3% | 0.7% | 18.0% | 19.0% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 842,816 | 732,653 | 550,839 | 839,767 | 49.8% | 41.1% | 27.5% | 38.9% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 602,979 | 745,405 | 836,870 | 773,174 | 35.6% | 41.8% | 41.8% | 35.8% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 159,405 | 164,651 | 113,582 | 0 | 9.4% | 9.2% | 5.7% | 0.0% | ||
5.0L- | 64,823 | 128,496 | 139,240 | 137,167 | 3.8% | 7.2% | 7.0% | 6.3% | ||
合计 | 1,691,996 | 1,782,803 | 2,001,329 | 2,161,403 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 6,769 | 18,482 | 175,533 | 149,717 | 0.4% | 1.0% | 8.8% | 6.9% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 269,378 | 289,922 | 368,239 | 42,806 | 15.9% | 16.3% | 18.4% | 2.0% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 5,496 | 29,622 | 30,514 | 53,064 | 0.3% | 1.7% | 1.5% | 2.5% | ||
轻卡 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
2.0L-2.9L | 331,474 | 481,033 | 629,974 | 468,379 | 11.4% | 13.8% | 13.3% | 13.4% | ||
小计 | 331,474 | 481,033 | 629,974 | 468,379 | 11.4% | 13.8% | 13.3% | 13.4% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 35,872 | 41,084 | 26,794 | 25,609 | 1.2% | 1.2% | 0.6% | 0.7% | ||
小计 | 35,872 | 41,084 | 26,794 | 25,609 | 1.2% | 1.2% | 0.6% | 0.7% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 2,148 | 1,000 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 799,717 | 1,170,462 | 1,706,909 | 1,516,357 | 27.4% | 33.5% | 36.0% | 43.5% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 236,777 | 202,505 | 140,739 | 32,379 | 8.1% | 5.8% | 3.0% | 0.9% | ||
5.0L- | 31,378 | 41,720 | 64,793 | 114,244 | 1.1% | 1.2% | 1.4% | 3.3% | ||
小计 | 1,067,872 | 1,416,835 | 1,913,441 | 1,662,980 | 36.6% | 40.6% | 40.4% | 47.7% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 362,824 | 477,799 | 229,102 | 136,802 | 12.4% | 13.7% | 4.8% | 3.9% | |
5.0L- | 1,111,363 | 1,061,437 | 1,928,611 | 1,189,751 | 38.1% | 30.4% | 40.7% | 34.1% | ||
小计 | 1,474,187 | 1,539,236 | 2,157,713 | 1,326,553 | 50.5% | 44.1% | 45.6% | 38.0% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 11,064 | 11,954 | 6,938 | 3,470 | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.1% | 0.1% | ||
小计 | 11,064 | 11,954 | 6,938 | 3,470 | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.1% | 0.1% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 331,474 | 483,181 | 630,974 | 468,379 | 11.4% | 13.8% | 13.3% | 13.4% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 835,589 | 1,211,546 | 1,733,703 | 1,541,966 | 28.6% | 34.7% | 36.6% | 44.2% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 599,601 | 680,304 | 369,841 | 169,181 | 20.5% | 19.5% | 7.8% | 4.9% | ||
5.0L- | 1,153,805 | 1,115,111 | 2,000,342 | 1,307,465 | 39.5% | 32.0% | 42.2% | 37.5% | ||
合计 | 2,920,469 | 3,490,142 | 4,734,860 | 3,486,991 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 214,756 | 172,145 | 607,243 | 466,950 | 7.4% | 4.9% | 12.8% | 13.4% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 506,807 | 779,281 | 1,230,626 | 956,939 | 17.4% | 22.3% | 26.0% | 27.4% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 211,723 | 163,087 | 427,563 | 294,583 | 7.2% | 4.7% | 9.0% | 8.4% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 52,393 | 49,336 | 46,226 | 38,674 | 1.8% | 1.4% | 1.0% | 1.1% |
(参考)7家日本公司北美生产/美国量产车的发动机构成 |
(辆) |
汽缸数 | 排量 | 数量 | 构成比例 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MY2009 | MY2010 | MY2011 | MY2012 | MY2009 | MY2010 | MY2011 | MY2012 | |||
北 美 生 产 车 合 计 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 544,603 | 853,985 | 607,100 | 361,772 | 21.5% | 23.1% | 18.4% | 14.6% |
2.0L-2.9L | 1,172,156 | 1,567,381 | 1,483,115 | 1,182,465 | 46.2% | 42.3% | 44.8% | 47.7% | ||
小计 | 1,716,759 | 2,421,366 | 2,090,215 | 1,544,237 | 67.7% | 65.4% | 63.2% | 62.3% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 658,467 | 955,699 | 965,309 | 771,366 | 26.0% | 25.8% | 29.2% | 31.1% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 79,004 | 163,413 | 123,320 | 74,998 | 3.1% | 4.4% | 3.7% | 3.0% | ||
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 737,471 | 1,119,112 | 1,088,629 | 846,364 | 29.1% | 30.2% | 32.9% | 34.1% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 14,378 | 30,534 | 27,818 | 20,275 | 0.6% | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.8% | |
5.0L- | 66,760 | 132,983 | 101,646 | 69,659 | 2.6% | 3.6% | 3.1% | 2.8% | ||
小计 | 81,138 | 163,517 | 129,464 | 89,934 | 3.2% | 4.4% | 3.9% | 3.6% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 544,603 | 853,985 | 607,100 | 361,772 | 21.5% | 23.1% | 18.4% | 14.6% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 1,172,156 | 1,567,381 | 1,483,115 | 1,182,465 | 46.2% | 42.3% | 44.8% | 47.7% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 658,467 | 955,699 | 965,309 | 771,366 | 26.0% | 25.8% | 29.2% | 31.1% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 93,382 | 193,947 | 151,138 | 95,273 | 3.7% | 5.2% | 4.6% | 3.8% | ||
5.0L- | 66,760 | 132,983 | 101,646 | 69,659 | 2.6% | 3.6% | 3.1% | 2.8% | ||
合计 | 2,535,368 | 3,703,995 | 3,308,308 | 2,480,535 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 20,092 | 11,724 | 32,100 | 23,158 | 0.8% | 0.3% | 1.0% | 0.9% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 16,519 | 35,615 | 14,584 | 3,670 | 0.7% | 1.0% | 0.4% | 0.1% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 40,229 | 32,535 | 18,508 | 5,000 | 1.6% | 0.9% | 0.6% | 0.2% | ||
乘 用 车 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 544,603 | 853,985 | 607,100 | 361,772 | 32.2% | 37.6% | 33.4% | 27.4% |
2.0L-2.9L | 903,796 | 1,111,207 | 966,243 | 761,653 | 53.4% | 48.9% | 53.1% | 57.8% | ||
小计 | 1,448,399 | 1,965,192 | 1,573,343 | 1,123,425 | 85.6% | 86.5% | 86.4% | 85.2% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 242,828 | 306,756 | 246,975 | 195,451 | 14.4% | 13.5% | 13.6% | 14.8% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 242,828 | 306,756 | 246,975 | 195,451 | 14.4% | 13.5% | 13.6% | 14.8% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 544,603 | 853,985 | 607,100 | 361,772 | 32.2% | 37.6% | 33.4% | 27.4% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 903,796 | 1,111,207 | 966,243 | 761,653 | 53.4% | 48.9% | 53.1% | 57.8% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 242,828 | 306,756 | 246,975 | 195,451 | 14.4% | 13.5% | 13.6% | 14.8% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
合计 | 1,691,227 | 2,271,948 | 1,820,318 | 1,318,876 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 13,002 | 8,106 | 12,528 | 9,984 | 0.8% | 0.4% | 0.7% | 0.8% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 39,371 | 31,801 | 18,508 | 5,000 | 2.3% | 1.4% | 1.0% | 0.4% | ||
轻卡 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
2.0L-2.9L | 268,360 | 456,174 | 516,872 | 420,812 | 31.8% | 31.9% | 34.7% | 36.2% | ||
小计 | 268,360 | 456,174 | 516,872 | 420,812 | 31.8% | 31.9% | 34.7% | 36.2% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 415,639 | 648,943 | 718,334 | 575,915 | 49.2% | 45.3% | 48.3% | 49.6% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 79,004 | 163,413 | 123,320 | 74,998 | 9.4% | 11.4% | 8.3% | 6.5% | ||
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 494,643 | 812,356 | 841,654 | 650,913 | 58.6% | 56.7% | 56.6% | 56.0% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 14,378 | 30,534 | 27,818 | 20,275 | 1.7% | 2.1% | 1.9% | 1.7% | |
5.0L- | 66,760 | 132,983 | 101,646 | 69,659 | 7.9% | 9.3% | 6.8% | 6.0% | ||
小计 | 81,138 | 163,517 | 129,464 | 89,934 | 9.6% | 11.4% | 8.7% | 7.7% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 268,360 | 456,174 | 516,872 | 420,812 | 31.8% | 31.9% | 34.7% | 36.2% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 415,639 | 648,943 | 718,334 | 575,915 | 49.2% | 45.3% | 48.3% | 49.6% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 93,382 | 193,947 | 151,138 | 95,273 | 11.1% | 13.5% | 10.2% | 8.2% | ||
5.0L- | 66,760 | 132,983 | 101,646 | 69,659 | 7.9% | 9.3% | 6.8% | 6.0% | ||
合计 | 844,141 | 1,432,047 | 1,487,990 | 1,161,659 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 7,090 | 3,618 | 19,572 | 13,174 | 0.8% | 0.3% | 1.3% | 1.1% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 16,519 | 35,615 | 14,584 | 3,670 | 2.0% | 2.5% | 1.0% | 0.3% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 858 | 734 | 0 | 0 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
美国量产车(北美生产车+进口车)的发动机构成 MY2009-2011
MY2011北美生产车和进口车加起来的美国量产车的发动机构成比如下。4缸发动机所占比例为40.7%(北美生产车:35.5%)、6缸发动机的比例为36.7%(同:38.5%)、8缸发动机的比例为20.0%(同:23.0%)。由于进口车主要搭载少气缸数发动机(4缸发动机的比例MY2011为63.2%),因此包括进口车在内的美国量产车整体较北美生产车汽缸数较少,与北美生产车同样呈现出小型化趋势。
另外,美国量产车中混合动力车所占比例MY2011为2.0%,高于北美生产车(0.6%)。进口车的MY2011混合动力车比例为7.0%(日本厂家为13.8%)。
美国量产车(北美生产车+进口车)的发动机构成 |
(辆) |
汽缸数 | 排量 | 数量 | 构成比例 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MY2009 | MY2010 | MY2011 | MY2009 | MY2010 | MY2011 | |||
美国量产车合计 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 1,073,346 | 1,346,746 | 1,560,223 | 10.4% | 10.9% | 11.0% |
2.0L-2.9L | 3,363,367 | 4,030,133 | 4,221,726 | 32.6% | 32.6% | 29.7% | ||
小计 | 4,436,713 | 5,376,879 | 5,781,949 | 43.0% | 43.4% | 40.7% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 254,732 | 243,488 | 338,547 | 2.5% | 2.0% | 2.4% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 35,872 | 41,084 | 26,794 | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.2% | ||
小计 | 290,604 | 284,572 | 365,341 | 2.8% | 2.3% | 2.6% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 116,313 | 77,494 | 30,562 | 1.1% | 0.6% | 0.2% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 3,033,087 | 3,890,016 | 4,791,196 | 29.4% | 31.4% | 33.7% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 393,368 | 454,422 | 323,973 | 3.8% | 3.7% | 2.3% | ||
5.0L- | 31,378 | 41,720 | 64,793 | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.5% | ||
小计 | 3,574,146 | 4,463,652 | 5,210,524 | 34.7% | 36.1% | 36.7% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 651,855 | 814,337 | 512,493 | 6.3% | 6.6% | 3.6% | |
5.0L- | 1,343,765 | 1,419,375 | 2,328,800 | 13.0% | 11.5% | 16.4% | ||
小计 | 1,995,620 | 2,233,712 | 2,841,293 | 19.3% | 18.0% | 20.0% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 2,100 | 1,448 | 940 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 14,374 | 16,402 | 11,054 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | ||
小计 | 16,474 | 17,850 | 11,994 | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 1,075,446 | 1,348,194 | 1,561,163 | 10.4% | 10.9% | 11.0% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 3,734,412 | 4,351,115 | 4,590,835 | 36.2% | 35.2% | 32.3% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 3,068,959 | 3,931,100 | 4,817,990 | 29.8% | 31.8% | 33.9% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 1,045,223 | 1,268,759 | 836,466 | 10.1% | 10.3% | 5.9% | ||
5.0L- | 1,389,517 | 1,477,497 | 2,404,647 | 13.5% | 11.9% | 16.9% | ||
合计 | 10,313,557 | 12,376,665 | 14,211,101 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 655,247 | 634,605 | 1,614,340 | 6.4% | 5.1% | 11.4% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 792,704 | 1,104,818 | 1,613,449 | 7.7% | 8.9% | 11.4% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 380,325 | 336,943 | 533,692 | 3.7% | 2.7% | 3.8% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 272,727 | 306,882 | 283,259 | 2.6% | 2.5% | 2.0% | ||
乘用车 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 1,073,346 | 1,346,746 | 1,514,911 | 19.6% | 21.4% | 23.8% |
2.0L-2.9L | 2,465,214 | 2,710,742 | 2,580,023 | 45.0% | 43.1% | 40.6% | ||
小计 | 3,538,560 | 4,057,488 | 4,094,934 | 64.5% | 64.5% | 64.4% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 254,732 | 243,488 | 338,547 | 4.6% | 3.9% | 5.3% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 254,732 | 243,488 | 338,547 | 4.6% | 3.9% | 5.3% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 73,625 | 58,632 | 26,402 | 1.3% | 0.9% | 0.4% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 1,276,455 | 1,509,374 | 1,525,800 | 23.3% | 24.0% | 24.0% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 32,330 | 32,640 | 0 | 0.6% | 0.5% | 0.0% | ||
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 1,382,410 | 1,600,646 | 1,552,202 | 25.2% | 25.5% | 24.4% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 183,837 | 198,542 | 167,951 | 3.4% | 3.2% | 2.6% | |
5.0L- | 117,733 | 182,821 | 196,879 | 2.1% | 2.9% | 3.1% | ||
小计 | 301,570 | 381,363 | 364,830 | 5.5% | 6.1% | 5.7% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 2,100 | 1,448 | 940 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 3,310 | 4,448 | 4,116 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | ||
小计 | 5,410 | 5,896 | 5,056 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 1,075,446 | 1,348,194 | 1,515,851 | 19.6% | 21.4% | 23.9% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 2,793,571 | 3,012,862 | 2,944,972 | 51.0% | 47.9% | 46.3% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 1,276,455 | 1,509,374 | 1,525,800 | 23.3% | 24.0% | 24.0% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 216,167 | 231,182 | 167,951 | 3.9% | 3.7% | 2.6% | ||
5.0L- | 121,043 | 187,269 | 200,995 | 2.2% | 3.0% | 3.2% | ||
合计 | 5,482,682 | 6,288,881 | 6,355,569 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 396,820 | 371,728 | 629,865 | 7.2% | 5.9% | 9.9% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 269,378 | 289,922 | 368,239 | 4.9% | 4.6% | 5.8% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 158,521 | 133,247 | 89,640 | 2.9% | 2.1% | 1.4% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 196,399 | 226,802 | 216,681 | 3.6% | 3.6% | 3.4% | ||
轻卡 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 45,312 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.6% |
2.0L-2.9L | 898,153 | 1,319,391 | 1,641,703 | 18.6% | 21.7% | 20.9% | ||
小计 | 898,153 | 1,319,391 | 1,687,015 | 18.6% | 21.7% | 21.5% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 35,872 | 41,084 | 26,794 | 0.7% | 0.7% | 0.3% | ||
小计 | 35,872 | 41,084 | 26,794 | 0.7% | 0.7% | 0.3% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 42,688 | 18,862 | 4,160 | 0.9% | 0.3% | 0.1% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 1,756,632 | 2,380,644 | 3,265,396 | 36.4% | 39.1% | 41.6% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 361,038 | 421,782 | 323,973 | 7.5% | 6.9% | 4.1% | ||
5.0L- | 31,378 | 41,720 | 64,793 | 0.6% | 0.7% | 0.8% | ||
小计 | 2,191,736 | 2,863,008 | 3,658,322 | 45.4% | 47.0% | 46.6% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 468,018 | 615,795 | 344,542 | 9.7% | 10.1% | 4.4% | |
5.0L- | 1,226,032 | 1,236,552 | 2,131,921 | 25.4% | 20.3% | 27.1% | ||
小计 | 1,694,050 | 1,852,347 | 2,476,463 | 35.1% | 30.4% | 31.5% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 11,064 | 11,954 | 6,938 | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.1% | ||
小计 | 11,064 | 11,954 | 6,938 | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.1% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 45,312 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.6% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 940,841 | 1,338,253 | 1,645,863 | 19.5% | 22.0% | 21.0% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 1,792,504 | 2,421,728 | 3,292,190 | 37.1% | 39.8% | 41.9% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 829,056 | 1,037,577 | 668,515 | 17.2% | 17.0% | 8.5% | ||
5.0L- | 1,268,474 | 1,290,226 | 2,203,652 | 26.3% | 21.2% | 28.1% | ||
合计 | 4,830,875 | 6,087,784 | 7,855,532 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 258,427 | 262,877 | 984,475 | 5.3% | 4.3% | 12.5% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 523,326 | 814,896 | 1,245,210 | 10.8% | 13.4% | 15.9% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 221,804 | 203,696 | 444,052 | 4.6% | 3.3% | 5.7% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 76,328 | 80,080 | 66,578 | 1.6% | 1.3% | 0.8% |
资料:WARD'S Automotive Yearbook 各年版 | |
(注)1. |
进口车中除上述14家公司外,还包含Jaguar/Land Rover、Porsche、Saab、Volvo品牌车。
|
(参考)进口车的发动机构成(MY2009-2011) |
(辆) |
汽缸数 | 排量 | 数量 | 构成比例 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MY2009 | MY2010 | MY2011 | MY2009 | MY2010 | MY2011 | |||
进口车合计 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 506,770 | 481,163 | 592,325 | 21.4% | 19.2% | 22.1% |
2.0L-2.9L | 791,291 | 1,003,211 | 1,097,743 | 33.4% | 40.1% | 41.0% | ||
小计 | 1,298,061 | 1,484,374 | 1,690,068 | 54.8% | 59.3% | 63.2% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 33,787 | 22,211 | 22,229 | 1.4% | 0.9% | 0.8% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 33,787 | 22,211 | 22,229 | 1.4% | 0.9% | 0.8% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 56,584 | 45,385 | 29,562 | 2.4% | 1.8% | 1.1% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 758,012 | 706,214 | 682,111 | 32.0% | 28.2% | 25.5% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 38,341 | 52,925 | 59,914 | 1.6% | 2.1% | 2.2% | ||
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 852,937 | 804,524 | 771,587 | 36.0% | 32.1% | 28.8% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 110,748 | 125,252 | 76,819 | 4.7% | 5.0% | 2.9% | |
5.0L- | 69,860 | 60,670 | 110,053 | 2.9% | 2.4% | 4.1% | ||
小计 | 180,608 | 185,922 | 186,872 | 7.6% | 7.4% | 7.0% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 2,100 | 1,448 | 940 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 2,735 | 4,074 | 4,116 | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.2% | ||
小计 | 4,835 | 5,522 | 5,056 | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 508,870 | 482,611 | 593,265 | 21.5% | 19.3% | 22.2% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 881,662 | 1,070,807 | 1,149,534 | 37.2% | 42.8% | 43.0% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 758,012 | 706,214 | 682,111 | 32.0% | 28.2% | 25.5% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 149,089 | 178,177 | 136,733 | 6.3% | 7.1% | 5.1% | ||
5.0L- | 72,595 | 64,744 | 114,169 | 3.1% | 2.6% | 4.3% | ||
合计 | 2,370,228 | 2,502,553 | 2,675,812 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 231,633 | 226,219 | 381,999 | 9.8% | 9.0% | 14.3% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 6,698 | 34,072 | 24,773 | 0.3% | 1.4% | 0.9% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 174,609 | 189,761 | 186,112 | 7.4% | 7.6% | 7.0% | ||
乘用车 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 506,770 | 481,163 | 547,013 | 31.8% | 28.2% | 30.9% |
2.0L-2.9L | 492,972 | 623,380 | 615,358 | 31.0% | 36.5% | 34.8% | ||
小计 | 999,742 | 1,104,543 | 1,162,371 | 62.8% | 64.7% | 65.7% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 33,787 | 22,211 | 22,229 | 2.1% | 1.3% | 1.3% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 33,787 | 22,211 | 22,229 | 2.1% | 1.3% | 1.3% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 35,033 | 28,671 | 26,402 | 2.2% | 1.7% | 1.5% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 409,125 | 425,453 | 441,955 | 25.7% | 24.9% | 25.0% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 444,158 | 454,124 | 468,357 | 27.9% | 26.6% | 26.5% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 56,762 | 66,531 | 54,369 | 3.6% | 3.9% | 3.1% | |
5.0L- | 53,485 | 54,699 | 57,639 | 3.4% | 3.2% | 3.3% | ||
小计 | 110,247 | 121,230 | 112,008 | 6.9% | 7.1% | 6.3% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 2,100 | 1,448 | 940 | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | |
5.0L- | 2,735 | 4,074 | 4,116 | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.2% | ||
小计 | 4,835 | 5,522 | 5,056 | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.3% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 508,870 | 482,611 | 547,953 | 31.9% | 28.3% | 31.0% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 561,792 | 674,262 | 663,989 | 35.3% | 39.5% | 37.5% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 409,125 | 425,453 | 441,955 | 25.7% | 24.9% | 25.0% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 56,762 | 66,531 | 54,369 | 3.6% | 3.9% | 3.1% | ||
5.0L- | 56,220 | 58,773 | 61,755 | 3.5% | 3.4% | 3.5% | ||
合计 | 1,592,769 | 1,707,630 | 1,770,021 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 211,543 | 198,717 | 278,086 | 13.3% | 11.6% | 15.7% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 6,228 | 7,605 | 17,650 | 0.4% | 0.4% | 1.0% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 151,532 | 165,379 | 167,659 | 9.5% | 9.7% | 9.5% | ||
轻卡 | 4缸 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 45,312 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 5.0% |
2.0L-2.9L | 298,319 | 379,831 | 482,385 | 38.4% | 47.8% | 53.3% | ||
小计 | 298,319 | 379,831 | 527,697 | 38.4% | 47.8% | 58.3% | ||
5缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
6缸 | 2.0L-2.9L | 21,551 | 16,714 | 3,160 | 2.8% | 2.1% | 0.3% | |
3.0L-3.9L | 348,887 | 280,761 | 240,156 | 44.9% | 35.3% | 26.5% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 38,341 | 52,925 | 59,914 | 4.9% | 6.7% | 6.6% | ||
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 408,779 | 350,400 | 303,230 | 52.6% | 44.1% | 33.5% | ||
8缸 | 4.0L-4.9L | 53,986 | 58,721 | 22,450 | 6.9% | 7.4% | 2.5% | |
5.0L- | 16,375 | 5,971 | 52,414 | 2.1% | 0.8% | 5.8% | ||
小计 | 70,361 | 64,692 | 74,864 | 9.1% | 8.1% | 8.3% | ||
其他 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
5.0L- | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
小计 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
合计 | -1.9L | 0 | 0 | 45,312 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 5.0% | |
2.0L-2.9L | 319,870 | 396,545 | 485,545 | 41.1% | 49.9% | 53.6% | ||
3.0L-3.9L | 348,887 | 280,761 | 240,156 | 44.9% | 35.3% | 26.5% | ||
4.0L-4.9L | 92,327 | 111,646 | 82,364 | 11.9% | 14.0% | 9.1% | ||
5.0L- | 16,375 | 5,971 | 52,414 | 2.1% | 0.8% | 5.8% | ||
合计 | 777,459 | 794,923 | 905,791 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||
(其中)带涡轮增压 | 20,090 | 27,502 | 103,913 | 2.6% | 3.5% | 11.5% | ||
(其中)可使用乙醇 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
(其中)柴油 | 470 | 26,467 | 7,123 | 0.1% | 3.3% | 0.8% | ||
(其中)混合动力 | 23,077 | 24,382 | 18,453 | 3.0% | 3.1% | 2.0% |
<全球汽车产业平台 MarkLines>