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Analysis Report: Air Conditioning System (European and North American Markets)
Structural changes to air conditioning systems to accommodate electrification
2025/12/22
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List of Suppliers
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Introduction
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I. Overview of air conditioner market and technology in Europe and the U.S.
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II. Overview of major air conditioning suppliers (Europe & U.S.)
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III. List of major air conditioning suppliers by OEM (EU and U.S. production)
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IV. Product installation status by model
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V. Sales figures for major air conditioning suppliers
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Supplier global footprint: By plant, location, and customer
List of Suppliers
Introduction
Automotive air conditioners have been installed as car coolers in the U.S. market since the 1960s, and their popularity began to expand in the 1980s. On the other hand, in the European market, with the exception of some areas, the relatively low temperatures and low humidity meant that air conditioners were slow to take hold, except in luxury cars. However, in the 2000s, global warming became an issue in Europe, and air conditioners began to become more widely used, and are now an essential piece of equipment in automobiles.
The products covered in this report include air conditioning systems, compressors (including electric types), condensers, heater cores (including PTC types), blower fans, and chillers for electric vehicles.
System configuration, principles and functions of air conditioners
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| System conceptual diagram |
- When the air conditioner switch is turned on, the compressor runs.
The compressor compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas to convert it into a high-temperature, high-pressure semi-liquid refrigerant.
In engine-equipped vehicles, the engine runs the compressor by transmitting power through a belt, but in hybrid, and other electrified vehicles, electric power runs the compressor. - The refrigerant compressed by the compressor is then sent to the condenser.
Here, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant releases heat as it passes through the condenser, in which many rows of thin tubes are arranged, and is transformed into a low-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
The condenser is made of aluminum with excellent thermal conductivity and has many fins to improve cooling performance. - Next, in the receiver-dryer, low-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant cooled by the condenser is temporarily stored. This part is also called the "receiver," "receiver tank," or "liquid tank." The receiver-dryer also has the function of a filter and removes excess moisture and impurities in the refrigerant.
- The expansion valve installed at the inlet of the evaporator expands the high-pressure refrigerant sent from the receiver-dryer at once and sprays it into mist.
As the refrigerant expands as it passes through the expansion valve, thermal energy is lost and the temperature drops. - The refrigerant vaporized and cooled by the expansion valve also takes heat from the air around the evaporator. The cool air generated at this time is blown by a blower fan to cool the inside of the vehicle. Like the condenser, the evaporator is made of aluminum with fins to remove heat efficiently.
For heating, heated engine coolant is circulated through a heater core, which is a separate heat exchanger from the evaporator, via a separate circuit, and the warm air generated at this time is blown into the vehicle interior by a blower fan.
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