On 15 April 2025, the European Commission published the draft [2] of the first Euro 7 implementing regulation, this covers provisions, relating to emissions, regarding the type approval of vehicles of the following categories:

• M₁ and N₁
• N₂ that are designated as "Euro7ext" and "Euro7Gext".

Euro7ext are vehicles of category N₂ between 3.5 t and 5 t maximum mass, originating from a type of vehicle of category N₁ for which the approval authority may grant an emission type approval, at the request of a manufacturer, if the vehicle meets the requirements for an N₁ vehicle. Euro7Gext are Euro7ext vehicles that are equipped with internal combustion engines with geofencing technologies [1] .

Details of which tests have to be carried out to obtain Euro 7 type approval for all vehicle categories and types for which standards are applicable are included in Annex V of Regulation 2024/1257 [1] and some information is included in the relevant section of the EMLEG page Emission Standards - EU Euro 7-1.

The draft implementing regulation issued in April 2025 contains further details of which tests are applicable to the different vehicles, with regard to emissions type approval, and information on how to execute the tests, in many cases with reference to the relevant UN Regulations. Further details are contained in the next sections.

Requirements for type approval are included in the main text of the proposal and detailed requirements on the different technical aspects and tests relating to emissions are outlined in the different Annexes, with a similar structure to that of the Euro 6 implementing regulation 2017/1151 (further details are included in the EMLEG page Emission Standards – EU Passenger Cars & Light Duty Trucks.

Euro 7 implementation stages are listed in this draft, with details of the first stage, Euro 7-TEMP included. For vehicles type approved to Euro 6e requirements (detailed in the EMLEG page Emission Standards – EU Passenger Cars & Light Duty Trucks, if the manufacturer requests type approval to Euro 7-TEMP, no additional testing will be required if the manufacturer declares that compliance with the relevant Euro 7 provisions, as defined by the Regulation currently available as draft [2] , is achieved.

Annex I details the administrative provisions for type approval with regards to emissions; a summary of all the tests that have to be carried out to obtain type approval is presented for all vehicles and powertrain types at the beginning of this Annex [2] . Requirements for PI and CI engines vehicles, including hybrids, vehicles operated with one fuel or bi-fuel vehicles and electric vehicles are all covered.

Pure electric and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles require testing for determining electric energy consumption, electric range and engine power. A number of tests have to be carried out for hydrogen powered ICEs vehicles, these include the Type 1 emissions tests over the WLTP test cycles, in this case only NOX emissions have to be determined. Compliance with the following Euro 7 requirements can be shown with a declaration by the manufacturer:

• ATCT test (at 14°C)
• Crankcase emissions (type 3 test)
• Durability (type 5 test)
• On-board diagnostics.

Details of the assessment of emissions over the WLTP test cycles and the Real Driving Emissions test required for type approval are provided in the following sections, with references to the relevant regulations. Details of the Euro 7 implementation stages are then included.

As for the current Euro 6 emissions standards, Euro 7 will require the assessment of emissions (Type 1 test) over the WLTP test cycles. In line with the updated Euro 6 implementing regulation that introduced Euro 6e requirements, most of the provisions for executing the Type 1 tests are established as references to UN Regulation 154 (02 series of amendments) [3] , in relation to Level 1A provisions, as described in Annex XXI of the proposal [2] , which also outlines some amendments from the requirements of UN Regulation 154.

Appendix 1 to Annex XXI includes the template for the declaration of compliance with the requirements of the Ambient Temperature Correction Test (ATCT).

Provisions relating to the RDE (Real Driving Emissions) test are described in Annex III of the proposal [2] . The general requirements for the RDE test are as defined in UN Regulation 168 [4] . The technical requirements, in particular, are defined in paragraph 6 and in the Annexes to UN Regulation 168. There are some amendments to these which are reported in Annex III of the proposal, these concern data reporting and the technical requirements for the PN10 analyser, as the UN Regulation refers to requirements for the measurement of the number of particles with a diameter larger than or equal to 23 nm (as for Euro 6), instead of the measurement of the number of particles with a diameter larger than or equal to 10 nm, which is required for Euro 7 standards.

The results of all RDE tests need to show that emissions are lower than the Euro 7 limits for category M₁ and N₁ vehicles, these are reported in Table A1 of the page Emission Standards - EU Euro 7-1.

Table A1 (below) shows the main required characteristics of the RDE test as defined in UN Regulation 168, these are in line with the Euro 6 requirements, with the updated moderate and extended temperature conditions that apply for Euro 6e-bis and Euro 6e-bis-FCM implementation stages.

Notes:
(1) If during a particular time interval the ambient conditions are "extended", the pollutant emissions during this time interval, should be divided by a value of 1.6 ("extended factor") before being evaluated for compliance. This provision does not apply to carbon dioxide emissions [4]。

Appendix 6 of Annex I of the proposal details the emissions levels (implementation stages) for Euro 7; Euro 7-TEMP stages are as defined in Table A2 [2] , the sub-characters in the third column of the table are defined in Table A3. The additional OBM and EVP (on-board monitoring and environmental vehicle passport) sub-characters, in the fourth column of Table A2 are included in Table 3 of Appendix 6 to Annex I of the proposal [2] .

Euro 7-TEMP stages apply as follows:

• Euro 7-TEMP TL/TE emissions standards: Euro 7 emissions (provisions of the draft [2] ), with the implementing act on on-board monitoring, environmental vehicle passport and OBFCM;
• Euro 7-TEMP TS/TT emissions standards: Euro 7 emissions (provisions of the draft [2] ) with the implementing act on on-board monitoring, environmental vehicle passport and OBFCM (only EVP is relevant) and voluntary any other Euro 7 implementing act for (ultra) small volume manufacturers.

Notes：
(1) For OVC-HEVs using the utility factor from Euro 6e-bis (EB) according to Annex XIV to Regulation (EU) 2023/443.
(2) For OVC-HEVs using the utility factor from Euro 6e-bis-FCM (EC) according to Annex XIV to Regulation (EU) 2023/443.