Economic data for piston and related parts industry in China

Item
2018 2017 2016
Industry scale Year-end total asset (million CNY) 7,277.22 5,633.27 3,557.36 
Total production (million units / million pieces / million sets) - 120.59 106.36 
Main operating income (million CNY) 8,476.07 6,348.87 4,560.72 
Economic effect Gross profit (million CNY) 546.02 573.23 406.82 
Current income before income taxes (million CNY) 775.17 814.31 577.68 
Debt to asset ratio (%) 40.23 39.58 35.62 
Research and development

Total number of people in R&D 2,687 2,730 1,500 
R&D Expenditures as percentage of GDP (%)  1.63 1.58 1.42 
Total number of patent acquisitions 1,647 2,096 1,473 

Source : China Automotive Industry Yearbook