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HEV/EV plans of European, US, and Korean OEMs: European OEMs newly introduce HEVsMajor auto manufacturers to introduce PHEVs and EVs by 2012 Sep. 18, 2009 No.809

Jump to
GM will start production of the Volt PHEV in 2010 and will also launch the next-generation mild...
Ford will launch an EV based on the Transit Connect in 2010 and a PHEV in 2012
Chrysler will introduce an EV in 2010 and a PHEV in 2012
Daimler launched two HEVs in 2009 and will begin mass producing the Smart EV in 2012
BMW will launch two HEVs in 2009 and will start volume-production of compact EVs in 2013
VW Group will launch an HEV and a PHEV in 2010 and will collaborate with Toshiba in...
PSA will launch an EV in 2010, a diesel HEV in 2011, and a diesel PHEV in 2012
Renault steps up marketing of EVs starting in 2011, planning to build up a lineup that covers...
Hyundai Motor to launch a full HEV in 2010 and a PHEV in 2012

Executive Summary

  The following outlines the recent activities that several European, US, and Korean auto manufacturers have undertaken in terms of launching HEVs (Hybrid electric vehicles), PHEVs (Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles), and EVs (Electric vehicles or Battery electric vehicles). The major auto manufacturers in Europe (Daimler, BMW, VW, and PSA) and Hyundai Motor will launch new HEVs between 2009 and 2011. The three US auto manufactures (GM, Ford, and Chrysler), which have already started selling HEVs, are planning to increase the number of HEV models they offer; while PSA is planning to launch a diesel HEV.

  GM, and Audi which is under the VW Group, will launch PHEVs in 2010. Ford, Volvo, Chrysler, PSA, and Hyundai Motor will release them in 2012.

  Ford, Chrysler, and PSA will introduce EVs in 2010 and Renault in 2011. Also, Daimler plans to start volume-production of a Smart EV in 2012 and BMW plans to begin mass-producing its Megacity Vehicle in 2013. VW says that it will also introduce an EV around 2012.

(Note) This report is the English translation of our Japanese report posted on September 9, 2009.

European, US, and Korean passenger car manufacturers' plans for developing and launching HEVs, PHEVs, and EVs between 2009 and 2013

			2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
GM	RWD Two-mode	Chevrolet Silverado	Debut
		GMC Sierra	Debut
	FWD Two-mode	The company has not announced a model			Debut
	Mild HEV	Next-generation (BAS+)		Debut
	PHEV	Chevrolet Volt		Start of production
		Based on FWD Two-mode system			Debut
Ford	HEV	Ford Fusion/Mercury Milan	Debut
		Next-generation HEV				Debut
	PHEV	Ford Escape				Debut
	EV	Transit Connect Van		Debut
		BEV Focus			Debut
Volvo	PHEV	Diesel PHEV				Debut
Chrysler	HEV	Dodge Ram		Debut
		New models				Launching 2-3 models in 2012-2014
	EV	ENVI #1 (BEV)		Debut
		ENVI #2 City EV			Debut
	PHEV	ENVI #3~#6				Launching 3-4 models in 2012-2014
Daimler	HEV	S400 BlueHybrid	Debut
		ML450 BlueHybrid	Debut in US
		M-Benz E-Class		Debut
	EV	Smart EV	Limited production			Start of volume sales
		M-Benz brand vehicle		Low-volume production
BMW	HEV	7 Series ActiveHybrid	Debut
		X6 ActiveHybrid	Debut
	EV	Megacity vehicle		Limited marketing			Start of volume production
VW group	HEV	VW Touareg		Debut
		Porsche Cayenne S		Debut
		Porsche Panamera		Debut
		Audi Q5		Debut
	PHEV	Audi A1 Sportback		Debut
	EV	NSF vehicle			Debut around 2012
PSA	EV	A sister model of Mitsubishi i-MiEV		Debut
	HEV	Peugeot 3008			Debut
		Citroen DS5			Debut
	PHEV	Diesel vehicle				Debut
Renault	EV	Kangoo van			Debut
		Fluence			Debut
		City car				Debut
		Urban vehicle				Debut
		Expanding to the entire segments				2012-
Hyundai Motor	HEV	Hyundai LPI Avante	Debut
		Kia LPI Fort	Debut
		Hyundai Sonata		Debut in US	Debut in Korea
	PHEV	Blue-Will Concept				Debut in US

Source: Press releases from each company, media reports

GM will start production of the Volt PHEV in 2010 and will also launch the next-generation mild HEV BAS+

  As of August 2008, GM is currently marketing a total of eight HEV models, which consist of five RWD (rear-wheel drive) two-mode HEVs and three Belt Alternator Starter System (BAS) mild HEVs. In 2010, it will begin producing the Chevrolet Volt PHEV and will also launch the next-generation mild HEV (BAS+) that comes with a lithium-ion battery made by Hitachi. GM, in 2011, plans to launch a FWD two-mode HEV and also a PHEV based on a FWD two-mode system which is different from that used on the Volt.

GM will start producing the Volt PHEV and also launch the next-generation mild HEV (BAS+) in 2010

		~2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
RWD Two-mode HEV	Chevrolet Tahoe	2007
	GMC Yukon	2007
	Cadillac Escalade	2008
	Chevrolet Silverado		Debut
	GMC Sierra		Debut
FWD Two-mode	The company has not announced a model (Note 2)				Debut
Mild HEV (BAS)	Saturn Vue	2007
	Chevrolet Malibu	2007
	Saturn Aura	2007
	Next-generation BAS+ (Note 3)			Debut
PHEV	Chevrolet Volt (Note 4)			Start of production
	Based on FWD Two-mode system (Note 5)				Debut

Source: GM's press releases dated 2008.12.2/2009.8.6/2009.8.13, Automotive News 2009.5.11/ 2009.8.3
(Notes) 1.	The year written under the "~2008" column is the first year the vehicle debuted. This applies in the same way for all subsequent tables.
2.	GM had designed a FWD two-mode HEV Saturn Vue (mounted with a V6 3600cc engine) for release in the summer of 2009, with plans to build several more FWD Saturn vehicle models later. However, with the sale of the Saturn brand, GM dropped plans for launching a FWD two-mode HEV version of the Vue and instead will it in its other brands of vehicles in 2011.
3.	BAS means "Belt-alternator starter system". It is a mild HEV system under which the motor/generator supports the engine through the belt. The BAS+ is the next-generation version and will come equipped with a lithium-ion battery made by Hitachi. The BAS+ will be a significant improvement over the BAS in terms of fuel efficiency.
4-1.	Production of a PHEV Chevrolet Volt is scheduled to begin in November 2010. It will be able to run up to 40 miles in EV mode. It is a Series HEV, or what GM refers to as an "extended-range electric vehicle" and uses a compact engine only for generating electric power and runs only on the electric motor.
4-2.	GM will build a battery assembly plant in Brownstown Township, Michigan, USA, which will assemble fuel cells that Korea-based LG Chem supplies into packs to be used in PHEVs such as the Chevrolet Volt. One battery pack consists of 220 cells and costs USD $8,000. The plant is said to be capable of producing 70,000 packs a year.
5.	Apart from the Chevrolet Volt, GM will develop a PHEV based on a FWD two-mode HEV and will launch it in 2011. The company initially planned to introduce such a PHEV version of the Saturn Vue, but since GM has decided to sell off the Saturn brand, it will instead launch PHEVs in its other brands.

Ford will launch an EV based on the Transit Connect in 2010 and a PHEV in 2012

  Ford has been selling the Ford Escape HEV and Mercury Mariner HEV and will add an HEV version of the Ford Fusion and Mercury Milan in 2009, planning to double its production volume of HEVs. In 2012, it also plans to launch a next-generation HEV, which it will equip with a lithium-ion battery. In addition, Ford will launch an EV based on the Transit Connect, a compact commercial vehicle, in 2010; an EV based on the Focus in 2011; and a PHEV of the Ford Focus in 2012. Volvo is also planning to release a diesel PHEV in 2012.

Ford will launch an EV based on the Transit Connect in 2010 and a PHEV in 2012

		~2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
HEV	Ford Escape	2004
	Mercury Mariner	2006
	Ford Fusion/Mercury Milan		Debut
	Next-generation HEV					Debut
PHEV	Ford Escape (Note 2)					Debut
EV	Transit Connect Van			Debut
	BEV Focus				Debut

Source: Ford's press release dated 2009.6.23, Smith Electric's press release (March 2009)
(Notes) 1.	The Ford Escape HEV was launched in 2004. It is the first SUV HEV made in the US. The Mercury Mariner HEV, which was released in 2006, is a sister model of the Escape HEV.
2.	Ford, jointly with ten electric power companies, is currently conducting a three-year test run of twenty-one experimental PHEV vehicles, which are based on the Escape Hybrid. It plans to bring a PHEV to market in 2012, which will come equipped with a lithium-ion battery made by Johnson Controls-Saft Advanced Power Solution.
3.	The Ford Transit Connect was jointly developed with Smith Electric Vehicle, which is a UK-based commercial EV manufacturer. The vehicle will be produced by Smith Electric Vehicle's plant in the US. The company aims to enable the model to run 100 miles on a full charge.
4.	The BEV Focus (BEV meaning "battery electric vehicle") is being jointly developed with Magna International and will be manufactured at Michigan Assembly Plant in the US. Magna International is to supply the motors, transmissions, battery modules, battery chargers, and other equipment. The company aims to enable the model to run 100 miles on a full charge.

Volvo will launch a diesel-powered PHEV in 2012

		~2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
PHEV	Diesel PHEV					Debut

Source: Volvo cars Japan's press release (June 2009)
(Notes) 1.	Volvo plans to jointly develop a diesel PHEV with Vattenfall, an electric power company based in Sweden, planning to launch it in 2012. In the summer of 2009, the company has begun testing three demonstration vehicles which are based on the Volvo V70.
2.	In 2007, Volvo unveiled a concept PHEV called the ReCharge. It used the engine only to generate electric power. However, the new demonstration vehicles are driven by the rear motor as soon as the car is started. When the batteries run low, the car is powered by the diesel engine, which starts up and drives the front wheels.

Chrysler will introduce an EV in 2010 and a PHEV in 2012

  In 2008, Chrysler launched HEV versions of the Dodge Durango and Chrysler Aspen. In 2010, it will also launch an HEV Dodge Ram, a large-sized pickup. Chrysler says that it will launch its first EV in 2010; next, the City EV in 2011; and then three or four PHEVs between 2012 and 2014. The company announced that it had already developed one EV and four PHEV concept cars.

Chrysler will commercialize an EV in 2010 and a PHEV in 2012

		~2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
HEV	Dodge Durango	2008
	Chrysler Aspen	2008
	Dodge Ram			Debut
	New models					Launching 2-3 models in 2012-2014
EV	ENVI #1 (BEV)			Debut
	ENV I #2 City EV				Debut
PHEV (Note 3)	ENVI #3~#6					Launching 3-4 models in 2012-2014

(Notes) 1.	The above is based on the "Chrysler Restructuring Plan for Long-term Viability (February 17, 2009)," which is an action plan for reorganizing Chrysler and was submitted to the US government on February 17, 2009. ENVI means "environmental", which is the name given to Chrysler's division developing eco-friendly cars.
2.	The Dodge Durango HEV, the Chrysler Aspen HEV and the Dodge Ram HEV come equipped with a RWD two mode HEV system that it jointly developed with GM, BMW, and Daimler. These vehicles use nickel-hydrogen batteries.
3.	Chrysler calls PHEVs "Range-extended Electric Vehicles" or ReVEs.
4.	Chrysler unveiled a total of five concept cars, which are the Dodge Circuit EV, and four PHEVs (Jeep Patriot EV, Jeep Wrangler Unlimited EV, Chrysler Town & Country EV, and Chrysler 200C EV). The company released them in September 2008 and January 2009. They all come equipped with lithium-ion batteries. Chrysler says that it will launch sales of one of these vehicles models in 2010 from among the five and will add three more to its line up by 2013. The correlation between ENVI #1~#6 and the five concept cars is unknown.
5.	Chrysler procures the lithium-ion batteries that it uses from A123Systems, which will build a plant in Michigan to produce them. It will supply them to Chrysler, as announced in April 2009.

Daimler launched two HEVs in 2009 and will begin mass producing the Smart EV in 2012

  Daimler launched sales of the Mercedes-Benz S400 BlueHybrid in June 2009 and will release the ML450 BlueHybrid, which employs a two-mode system, for sale in the second half of 2009. Daimler plans to introduce one or more HEVs a year, with plans to add an HEV version to its E-Class lineup in 2010, and possibly to its C-Class.

  In the EV sector, the company plans to start volume-production of the Smart EV in 2012 and small-lot production of a Mercedes-Benz EV in 2010.

Daimler launched two HEVs in 2009 and will begin volume-production of the Smart EV in 2012

		~2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
HEV	S400 BlueHybrid		Debut
	ML450 BlueHybrid		Debut in US
	M-Benz E-Class			Debut
EV	Smart EV (Note 3)		Limited production			Start of volume sales
	M-Benz brand vehicle			Low-volume production

Source: Daimler's press releases dated 2008.12.15/2009.8.20, Daimler's Magazine on Sustainability 2009
(Notes) 1.	The Mercedes-Benz S400 BlueHybrid comes with a mild HEV system, which was jointly developed with BMW; and a lithium-ion battery made by Johnson Controls-Saft Advanced Power Solutions. It will be released in Europe in June 2009 and in the US in the autumn of the same year.
2.	The Mercedes-Benz ML450 BlueHybrid uses a RWD Two Mode HEV system that it jointly developed with GM, BMW, and Chrysler. It uses a nickel-hydrogen battery. It will be produced at the Tuscaloosa plant in the US and will be released in the latter half of 2009.
3-1.	Daimler will begin limited production (1,000 units) of the second-generation Smart EV in the middle of November 2009 at the Hambach plant in France that now produces the Smart. It will begin selling them under lease agreements in Europe and the US to collect data on actual use of the vehicle.
3-2.	The Smart EV comes equipped with a 14kWh lithium-ion battery that Tesla Motors supplies. The output of the motor is 30kW. The maximum torque is 120Nm. The cruising distance is 115km. The maximum speed is limited to 100km.
3-3.	Daimler will conduct "e-mobility Berlin", which will be a test run of 100 second-generation Smart EVs and EVs based on the Mercedes-Benz A-Class. The event will be held in Berlin starting at the end of 2009. An electric power company, RWE, will provide approximately 500 charging stations. In 2010, Daimler will also conduct "e-mobility Italy" in Rome, Italy.
4.	Daimler announced that it will use a lithium-ion battery made by Deutsche Accumotive, which it jointly established with Evonik, in the Smart EVs and Mercedes-Benz EVs, in 2012,.

BMW will launch two HEVs in 2009 and will start volume-production of compact EVs in 2013

  In June 2009, BMW launched its 7 Series ActiveHybrid. It will release an X6 ActiveHybrid, which will be equipped with a RWD (rear-wheel drive) two mode system, at the end of 2009. In addition, it is currently working on a project to develop a compact EV designed for city areas, calling it the "Megacity Vehicle". It plans to start limited sales in 2010 and reach volume-production in 2013. BMW will procure batteries for the Megacity Vehicle from SB LiMotive, as announced in August 2009.

BMW releases two HEV models in 2009 and will begin mass-producing an EV (Megacity Vehicle) in 2013

		~2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
HEV	7 Series ActiveHybrid		Debut
	X6 ActiveHybrid		Debut
EV	Megacity vehicle (Note 3)			Limited production			Start of volume sales

Source: BMW's Annual Report 2008, press release dated 2009.5.14, Samsung's press release 2009.8.4
(Notes) 1.	In June 2009, BMW's 7 Series ActiveHybrid was launched. It comes with a mild HEV system, which was jointly developed with Daimler; and a lithium-ion battery.
2.	The X6 ActiveHybrid comes with a RWD two mode HEV system that BMW jointly developed with GM, Daimler, and Chrysler. The vehicle uses a nickel-hydrogen battery and will be released at the end of 2009.
3-1.	BMW developed the Mini EV, which is the first vehicle produced under the company's Project i, under which BMW worked on developing a vehicle for large-city driving based on the Megacity Vehicle concept car. Since the end of 2008 it has been conducting test drives in three states (California, New York, and New Jersey) in the US by leasing them to approximately 500 individual customers to use. Test drives are scheduled to last one year.
3-2.	BMW announced that it will start mass-producing another Megacity Vehicle other than the Mini EV in the first half of 2010. The lithium-ion batteries that will be used in the vehicle will be supplied by SB LiMotive, which is a joint venture between Samsung SDI and Bosch.
3-3.	According to Samsung Japan, BMW plans to start limited sales of a Megacity Vehicle in 2010 and to step up production starting in 2013. It also plans to launch a PHEV.

VW Group will launch an HEV and a PHEV in 2010 and will collaborate with Toshiba in developing EVs

  In 2010, the VW Group will start selling HEV versions of the VW Touareg; the Porsche Cayenne S and Panamera; and the Audi Q5, which all share the same HEV system. If sales of these HEVs are strong, the VW Group will most likely sell additional HEV versions of other models as soon as it can.

  The Audi A1 Sportback PHEV is scheduled to be launched in 2010. The Group formed an alliance with Toshiba in February 2009 to develop an EV. VW plans to develop an EV that will be built on the platform of its ultra compact car, the New Small Family, expecting to release it around 2012.

VW Group to launch an HEV and an Audi brand PHEV in 2010

		~2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
HEV	VW Touareg			Debut
	Porsche Cayenne S			Debut
	Porsche Panamera			Debut
	Audi Q5 (Note 2)			Debut
PHEV	Audi A1 Sportback (Note 3)			Debut
EV	NSF vehicle (Note 4)				Debut around 2012

Source: VW's press releases dated 2009.2.12/2009.4.22, Audi's press releases dated 2009.5.13
(Notes) 1.	The VW Touareg; Audi Q5; and Porsche Cayenne S and Panamera all share the same HEV system that enables the car to run on motor power alone. These vehicles will come equipped with a nickel-hydrogen battery made by Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.
2.	Audi unveiled its Q7 Hybrid at the 2005 Frankfurt Motor Show. However, it put the project on hold because of the weakening US dollar, the currency of the country that is its major market. It plans to launch a one-size smaller model, the Q5 HEV.
3.	Audi exhibited the Metroproject Quattro PHEV concept car with the front wheels driven by the gasoline engine and the rear wheels by the motor; at the 2007 Tokyo Motor Show. At the 2008 Paris Motor Show, it showcased the A1 Sportback, which comes with a PHEV system in which the motor drives the front wheels as well.
4-1.	As announced in February 2009, VW formed an alliance with Toshiba to develop a drive unit that includes motor, electronics, and lithium-ion battery, for an EV being developed based on its ultra compact car, the NSF, or New Small Family
4-2.	VW thinks that it is necessary to collaborate with many partners in order to develop HEVs and EVs. It currently has an alliance with Toshiba and other companies such as Sanyo, Robert Bosch, and China-based BYD Auto. In May 2008, VW reached an agreement with Sanyo to co-develop a lithium-ion battery for the next-generation HEV.
4-3.	The NSF is an ultra compact car based on the platform of the up! concept car that VW exhibited at the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show and Tokyo Motor Show. The model displayed at the Tokyo Motor Show was 3680mm long. Beginning in early 2011, VW plans to start producing the vehicle at its plant in Bratislava, Slovakia.

PSA will launch an EV in 2010, a diesel HEV in 2011, and a diesel PHEV in 2012

  PSA, jointly with Mitsubishi Motors, will develop an EV that is based on Mitsubishi's i-MiEV but designed for Europe, planning to launch it by the end of 2010 under both Peugeot and Citroen brands. The Peugeot-brand vehicle will most likely be the called the iOn. In addition, PSA will launch the Peugeot 3008 and Citroen DS5, which will use a diesel HEV system, in 2010; and a diesel PHEV in 2012.

PSA will release a sister model of the Mitsubishi i-MiEV at the end of 2010, and diesel HEVs and PHEVs

		~2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
EV	A sister model of Mitsubishi i-MiEV (Note1)			Debut
HEV	Peugeot 3008 (Note 2)				Debut
	Citroen DS5 (Note 2)				Debut
PHEV	Plug-in Hybrid4 diesel					Debut

Source: PSA's press releases dated 2009.3.2/2009.4.29/2009.8.19/2009.9.4
(Notes) 1.	PSA, jointly with Mitsubishi Motors, will develop a European version of the Mitsubishi i-MiEV, with Mitsubishi Motors producing the new vehicle. It will be launched under both the Peugeot and Citroen brands in 27 countries in Europe by the end of 2010. PSA targets selling 25,000 in 2015. Mitsubishi Motors itself will also launch a left-hand-drive version of its i-MiEV in Europe in FY2010.
2-1.	In early 2009 PSA started making the Peugeot 3008 Hybrid4 and Citroen DS5 Hybrid4 on a trial production basis. These vehicles are equipped with both a diesel engine and an electric motor and are scheduled for release in 2011.
2-2.	The front wheels are driven by a 2000cc diesel-powered engine and the rear wheels by an electric motor made by Bosch. It comes equipped with a nickel-hydrogen battery made by Sanyo. It uses a 6-speed AMT (Automated Manual Transmission).
3.	In October 2008, PSA formed an alliance with EDF, an electric power company, to develop batteries and charging systems.

Renault steps up marketing of EVs starting in 2011, planning to build up a lineup that covers the entire passenger car segments

  Renault will introduce two EVs in 2011, one based on the Kangoo van and the other on the Fluence, the Megane sedan. Renault will introduce the City Car and the Urban Vehicle EVs in 2012. Beyond 2012, Renault will continue to extend its electric car range to cover all segments.

Renault will increase marketing activities on EVs starting in 2011

		~2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
EV	Kangoo van				Debut
	Fluence (Note 3)				Debut
	City car					Debut
	Urban vehicle					Debut
	Covering all passenger-car segments					2012-

Source: Renault's ECO2 WAY (web site)
(Notes) 1.	Renault says that 80% of car users in Europe travel less than 60km per day, which is within the driving distance of EVs. In addition, with the advancement of technology, it can offer EVs at a reasonable price.
2.	The Kangoo is a compact van 3871mm long. It comes with a lithium-ion battery made by Automotive Energy Supply, which is a joint venture between Nissan and NEC.
3-1.	Fluence is a sedan in the new Megane series launched in 2009. The company will release an EV based on the Fluence in Israel in 2011, and then expand sales to other countries.
3-2.	Renault will sell the vehicle in conjunction with Better Place's battery charging infrastructure. In Israel, Better Place plans to set up 150,000 recharging stations (eventually increasing the number to 500,000) and 100 battery-change stations by the time the Fluence is launched. The battery of the Fluence is housed behind the rear seat so it can be taken out easily from the bottom of the trunk. Drivers can change their used batteries with new ones in about the same amount of time as it takes them to fill their cars with gasoline.
4.	Even though the City is less than 4m long, it can seat five passengers. It is ideally designed for commuting. In the future, the batteries for EVs that will be launched after the City will be produced in France, instead of being imported from Japan, as they are for the time being.
5.	Renault and EDF, an electric power company, will jointly start conducting test runs on 100 EVs in Paris for one year from October 2010. The vehicles will be identical to the series-produced models scheduled for launch at the start of 2011. In October 2008, the two companies announced that they would cooperate in building the infrastructure for recharging facilities, with the growing use of EVs.

Hyundai Motor to launch a full HEV in 2010 and a PHEV in 2012

  Hyundai Motor launched a mild HEV that can run on both LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) and electricity in 2009 under both Hyundai and Kia brands. It plans to release a full HEV based on the Sonata in the US in 2010 and a PHEV in the US in 2012.

Hyundai Motor launches HEVs in 2009 and a PHEV in 2012

		~2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013
HEV	Hyundai LPI Avante		Debut
	Kia LPI Fort		Debut
	Hyundai Sonata			Debut in US	Debut in Korea
PHEV	Blue-Will Concept (Note 3)					Debut in US

Source: Hyundai Motor's press releases dated 2009.4.2/2009.4.7, Automotive News 2009.6.6
(Notes) 1.	The HEV system used in the Hyundai Avante and Kia Fort is a mild HEV system in which a 1600cc LPG engine and an electric motor are combined. (LPI means Liquefied Petroleum Injected engine).
2.	The Hyundai Sonata HEV is a full HEV able to run on electricity alone. It will be released in the US in 2010 and in Korea in 2011.
3.	In the US in 2012 Hyundai will launch a sports-type PHEV, which is based on the Blue-Will concept car that it exhibited at the 2009 Seoul Motor Show. A 1600cc gasoline direct-injection engine, a CVT, and a 100kW motor are all combined in the vehicle, which can run up to 64km on EV mode.
4.	Hyundai and Kia procure the lithium-polymer batteries used in their HEVs and PHEVs from LG Chem.